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Synonym: The average range of beats per minute recorded within a 10-min time frame. The class intervals of the variable are grouped on a linear scale on the horizontal axis, and the class frequencies are grouped on the vertical axis. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. Die Behrden in Hongkong hatten die Maskenpflicht whrend der Pandemie strikt durchgesetzt. cohort a well-defined group of persons who have had a common experience or exposure and are then followed up, as in a cohort study or prospective study, to determine the incidence of new diseases or health events. secondary attack rate see attack rate, secondary. Securing a medical care provision system. measure of spread a measure of the distribution of observations out from its central value. Global daily statistics. case, source the case or instance of a patient responsible for transmitting infection to others; the instance of a patient who gives rise to an outbreak or epidemic. Lists. All rights reserved. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Synonyms for Infection Rates (other words and phrases for Infection Rates). Rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease, Mathematical modelling of infectious disease, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Force_of_infection&oldid=1142548282, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 01:24. . We were delighted, or at any rate satisfied, with the results. prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. The denominator is the number of persons with the condition; the numerator is the number of cause-specific deaths among those persons. This term is often used to describe the prevalence of malaria in a local area, with 10 to 50% of children showing evidence of prior infection being considered a moderate level . The null hypothesis is used in conjunction with statistical testing. scale, ordinal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have a distinct order but no numerical distance between their possible values (e.g., stage of cancer, I, II, III, or IV). The percentage of individuals afflicted with an illness who die as a result of it. Cohort studies can be either prospective or retrospective. It is used to measure the frequency of postneonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, postneonatal. rate of prevalence. "prevalence rates" and "rate of prevalence" Yes, I agree. standard error (of the mean) the standard deviation of a theoretical distribution of sample means of a variable around the true population mean of that variable. The rate of becoming infected ( Demonstrates appropriate hand washing techniques to ensure proper infection control and follows universal precautions. epidemiology, descriptive the aspect of epidemiology concerned with organizing and summarizing data regarding the persons affected (e.g., the characteristics of those who became ill), time (e.g., when they become ill), and place (e.g., where they might have been exposed to the cause of illness). predictive value positive the proportion of cases identified by a test, reported by a surveillance system, or classified by a case definition that are true cases, calculated as the number of true-positives divided by the number of true-positives plus false-positives. A normal resting heart rate for an adult is 60100 beats per minute. Determine mathematic problems. In this situation, at a recurrence interval of 3 months (p = 0.011) and an, Comparison ofsimultaneous shunting to delayed shunting in infants with myelomeningocele in terms ofshunt, In the present study, there was no significant relationship between gender and, Conclusion: In conclusion, efficiency of disposable surgical drapes has not been demonstrated to lower infections rates in fact to the contrary we demonstrated increase in, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? variable, continuous a variable that has the potential for having an infinite number of values along a continuum (e.g., height and weight). 2. a certain amount of one thing considered in relation to a unit of another thing: at the rate of 60 miles an hour. Data points are plotted at the midpoints of the intervals and are connected with straight lines. prevalence rates. Outbreak A sudden increase of a specific illness in a small area. Two common types are cohort studies and case-control studies. epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. Retinopathy. In radiology, the speed with which medical images are recorded, usually expressed in images per second. prospective study see study, prospective. infection rates. The fascinating story behind many people's favori Can you handle the (barometric) pressure? ITS THE MASS DEATH. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. . There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. rate [ rt] the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. cause of disease a factor (e.g., characteristic, behavior, or event) that directly influences the occurrence of a disease. medical surveillance see surveillance, medical. inflection, injection, infectious, infect. ; the effective transmission rate. In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted ) is the rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease. In other words, zoonosis an infectious disease that is transmissible from animals to humans. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to the rest of the world? Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. semilogarithmic-scale line graph see line graph, semilogarithmic-scale. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. infection invasion of the body tissues of a host by an infectious agent, whether or not it causes disease. epidemiology, analytic the aspect of epidemiology concerned with why and how a health problem occurs. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Another HCV infection after HCV cure most frequent in high risk takers, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? population pyramid a graphical display of the age-sex distribution of a population, constructed with a horizontal histogram of the age distribution of males pointing to the left, and the corresponding horizontal histogram of age distribution of females pointing to the right. epidemiology, field applied epidemiology (i.e., the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems), particularly when the epidemiologist(s) must travel to and work in the community in which the health problem is occurring or has occurred. 0 votes. [1] Because it takes account of susceptibility it can be used to compare the rate of transmission between different groups of the population for the same infectious disease, or even between different infectious diseases. A safe and effective vaccine that offers 98% to 100% protection against hepatitis B is available. Such a calculation is difficult because not all new infections are reported, and it is often difficult to know how many susceptibles were exposed. NCHS The National Center for Health Statistics, the US governmental organization responsible for national vital statistics and multiple national health surveys. Data as of December 2022 and NOTE: dose response & no vaxxKeep in mind that wherever there has been elevated COVID vaccine rates, there are elevated excess infections and biologic transmission see transmission, biologic. I want to change some dollars into francs what is the rate of exchange? passive surveillance see surveillance, passive. Synonyms contamination, infection, corruption, pollution, taint class interval the span of values of a continuous variable that are grouped into a single category (see also class), usually to create a frequency distribution for that variable. decision tree a branching chart that represents the logical sequence or pathway of a clinical or public health decision. To save this word, you'll need to log in. {\displaystyle A} A Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. frequency polygon a graph of a frequency distribution in which values of the variable are plotted on the horizontal axis, and the number of observations are plotted on the vertical axis. hypothesis a supposition, arrived at from observation or reflection, that leads to refutable predictions; any conjecture cast in a form that will allow it to be tested and refuted. The paper is devoted to monitoring the environmental coliform bacteria (CB) contamination (soil and water) in the environmental disaster areas in the Kazakhstan part of the Aral Sea Region and ranking districts by their level of contamination and the rate of gastrointestinal infections (GI). bar chart, deviation a bar chart displaying either positive or negative differences from a baseline. The number of fetal deaths per 1000 live births, usually per year. .css-1w804bk{font-size:16px;}See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. The research was done in environmental disaster areas (Aral District, Kazaly District) and . cause-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, cause-specific. The WBC count is measured in a reference range of values by the number of blood cells in a cubic millimeter . The period of being a carrier can be short (a transient carrier) or long (a chronic carrier). isolation the separation of infected persons to prevent transmission to susceptible ones. Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. study, prospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled before the health outcome of interest has occurred. chain of infection the progression of an infectious agent that leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit, is conveyed by a mode of transmission, and then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host. sentences. {\displaystyle \lambda } Links to your sources would be appreciated. Diseases of the cardiovascular system may be diagnosed . Statistical significance is based on an estimate of the probability of the observed or a greater degree of association between independent and dependent variables occurring under the null hypothesis (see also P value). We offer immediate delivery on all orders placed before 3pm. measurement scale the complete range of possible values for a measurement. Copy the code below and paste it where you want the visualization of this word to be shown on your page: Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses an arithmetic scale. Common measures of central location are the mean, median, and mode also called the measure of central tendency. pandemic an epidemic occurring over a widespread area (multiple countries or continents) and usually affecting a substantial proportion of the population. analytic epidemiology see epidemiology, analytic. P value the probability of observing an association between two variables or a difference between two or more groups as large or larger than that observed, if the null hypothesis were true. latency period the time from exposure to a causal agent to onset of symptoms of a (usually noninfectious) disease (see also incubation period). The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each study participant and then follows each persons health status to determine the effects of the exposure. A 2003 analysis in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes calculated that more than $18 billion in medical costs could have been saved by the year 2010 had the CDC invested just $383 million more in prevention programming per year from 2000 to 2005, an amount that theoretically could have cut the annual HIV, About 70 percent of the country's people are Catholic; Burundi has an HIV, Each of the 1,000 simulations at the given, Adult HIV prevalence in Swaziland is above 40 percent, and Malawi is struggling with a 14 percent, At almost 39 percent, Swaziland's adult HIV, The project was established in 2001 in response to the growing HIV, We will continue to look for ways to lower the, In an article published in the February 2003 issue of Conservation Biology, he and his team found that important Northeastern tick host species such as white-footed mice fared better when forest tracts were smaller than five acres, and that the, Using a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach, they examined whether states with higher exposure to the reformulated OxyContin had faster growth of HCV, Similarly, a recent comparative study suggested that chlorhexidine appeared superior to povidone-iodine, as the latter tripled the. line graph, semilogarithmic-scale a graph that displays patterns or trends by plotting the frequency (e.g., number, proportion, or rate) of a characteristic or event during some variable, usually time. PPE PPE Stands for personal protective equipment. can be calculated for an infectious disease in an endemic state if homogeneous mixing of the population and a rectangular population distribution (such as that generally found in developed countries), rather than a pyramid, is assumed. indirect transmission see transmission, indirect. Seizure. sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases; the proportion of people with a health condition (or the proportion of outbreaks) that are identified by a screening test or case definition (or surveillance system). evaluation systematic and objective examination of activities to determine their relevance, effectiveness, and impact. comparison group a group in an analytic study (e.g., a cohort or case-control study) with whom the primary group of interest (exposed group in a cohort study or case-patients in a case-control study) is compared. Learn a new word every day. This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. mortality rate, sex-specific a mortality rate among either males or females. contact, direct exposure or transmission of an agent from a source to a susceptible host through touching (e.g., from a human host by kissing, sexual intercourse, or skin-to-skin contact) or from touching an infected animal or contaminated soil or vegetation. Parts of speech Energy used is calculated from the amount of oxygen used during the test. I was wondering the rate at which alcohol induces brain damage; I know that over some years, damage occurs, but does anything happen after a month of drinking on weekends? alternative hypothesis see hypothesis, alternative. Most HPV infections don't lead to cancer. Cat Infections That Can Spread to Humans Ringworm Salmonella: Typhoid Kitty? Found 2 synonyms 1. infection rate 2. Reducing such a factor among a population should reduce occurrence of the disease. droplet nuclei the residue of dried droplets of infectious agents that is easily inhaled and exhaled and can remain suspended in air for relatively long periods or be blown over great distances. bar chart, stacked a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by subdivided bars or columns (the subdivisions representing the categories of one variable) separated by space between bars or columns. It can cause chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. scale, nominal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have no inherent statistical order or rank (e.g., categories of race/ethnicity, religion, or country of birth). Typically, for a case to be confirmed, a person must have a positive result from laboratory tests. outbreak, point-source a common source outbreak in which the exposure period is relatively brief so that all cases occur within one incubation period. study, retrospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled after the health outcome of interest has occurred. antigen any substance (e.g., a toxin or the surface of a microorganism or transplanted organ) recognized as foreign by the human body and that stimulates the production of antibodies. bias, information systematic difference in the collection of data regarding the participants in a study (e.g., about exposures in a case-control study, or about health outcomes in a cohort study) that leads to an incorrect result (e.g., risk ratio or odds ratio) or inference. 3. a fixed charge per unit of quantity: a rate of 10 cents a pound. bar chart a visual display in which each category of a variable is represented by a bar or column bar charts are used to illustrate variations in size among categories. epidemiology, applied the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems. hyperendemic the constant presence at high incidence and prevalence of an agent or health condition within a given geographic area or population. A carrier can be asymptomatic (never indicate signs of the disease) or can display signs of the disease only during the incubation period, convalescence, or postconvalescence. noun an act or fact of infecting; state of being infected. histogram a visual representation of the frequency distribution of a continuous variable. period prevalence see prevalence, period. arthropod an organism that has jointed appendages and segmented external skeleton (e.g., flies, mosquitoes, ticks, or mites). The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed or written as number per minute. pie chart a circular graph of a frequency distribution in which each segment of the pie is proportional in size to the frequency of corresponding category. Normal, bell-shaped distributions are symmetrical; the mean, median, and mode are the same. common-source outbreak see outbreak, common-source. host a person or other living organism that is susceptible to or harbors an infectious agent under natural conditions. Many of the mechanisms of resistance have been caused by the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics to treat illnesses such as the cold or flu or the over-prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. health a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or other infirmity. {\displaystyle \lambda } A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center The mobile infection rate was 0.65% during the first half of Mobile infection rate jumps in H1 2014 The speed of administration of a solution in mL/hr. From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: The speed or frequency of occurrence of an event, usually expressed with respect to time or some other known standard. / The number of heartbeats per unit of time that can be detected by palpating any accessible artery. endemic the constant presence of an agent or health condition within a given geographic area or population; can also refer to the usual prevalence of an agent or condition. y-axis the vertical axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the dependent variable (e.g., frequency number, proportion, or rate). source (of infection) the person, animal, object, or substance from which an infectious agent is transmitted to a host. No report of Peak expiratory flow rate decreased is found for people with Escherichia urinary tract infection. tion rate This thesaurus page is about all possible synonyms, equivalent, same meaning and similar words for the term infection rate. 10 Infection rate Synonyms. trial, clinical an experimental study that uses data from individual persons. efficiency the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results with a minimum expenditure of time and resources. map, area (shaded, choropleth) a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. suggest new. cause, component a factor that contributes to a sufficient cause (see also cause, sufficient). mortality rate, crude a mortality rate from all causes of death for an entire population, without adjustment. mean, arithmetic the measure of central location, commonly called the average, calculated by adding all the values in a group of measurements and dividing by the number of values in the group. proportion a ratio in which the numerator is included in the denominator; the ratio of a part to the whole, expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., 0 2), a fraction (1/5), or a percentage (20%). Synonyms for Rates of infection.Retrieved July 10, 2021, from https://www.classicthesaurus.com/rates_of_infection/synonyms rate of infection synonym Black&Red Black&Gold Black&Bluish purple Black&Purple Black&Black You want to reject this entry: please give us your comments (bad translation/definition, duplicate entries), English Portuguese translation in context, Free: Learn English, French and other languages, Reverso Documents: translate your documents online, Learn English watching your favourite videos. Synonyms for INFECTED: poisoned, septic, tainted, polluted, invaded, contaminated, spoilt, affected, afflicted, defiled, soiled, corrupted; Antonyms for INFECTED . record in a line listing, each row is a record or observation. transmission, direct immediate transfer of an agent from a reservoir to a host by direct contact or droplet spread. vehicle an inanimate object that can carry an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (e.g., food, water, blood products, and bedding) (see also transmission, indirect). normal distribution a distribution represented as a bell shape, symmetrical on both sides of the peak, which is simultaneously the mean, median, and mode, and with both tails extending to infinity. We used mRNA display under a reprogrammed genetic code to find a spike-targeting macrocyclic peptide that . Usually, one variable represents a health outcome, and one represents an exposure or personal characteristic. attack rate a form of incidence that measures the proportion of persons in a population who experience an acute health event during a limited period (e.g., during an outbreak), calculated as the number of new cases of a health problem during an outbreak divided by the size of the population at the beginning of the period, usually expressed as a percentage or per 1,000 or 100,000 population (see also incidence proportion). range in statistics, the difference between the largest and smallest values in a distribution; in common use, the span of values from smallest to largest. Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. field epidemiology see epidemiology, field. APA: Classic Thesaurus. Infection. Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/infection. Search infection rate and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. statistical inference generalizations developed from sample data, usually with calculated degrees of uncertainty. privacy rule a set of regulations based on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information. There have been at least 556,201,000 reported infections and 6,776,000 reported deaths caused by the new coronavirus . mortality rate, race/ethnic-specific a mortality rate limited to a specified racial or ethnic group both numerator and denominator are limited to that group. However, it is not clear what rate of variation is consistent with ongoing replication in small sanctuary sites. sample, representative a sample whose characteristics correspond to those of the original or reference population. incubation period the time interval from exposure to an infectious agent to the onset of symptoms of an infectious disease. CDC twenty four seven. One of the many measures is the closure of schools which concomitantly implied that other innovative strategies to the delivery of subject matter to students while they remain at home be employed in order to . sentinel surveillance see surveillance, sentinel. It's flattering to know other clubs seem to rate me. {\displaystyle \lambda } Rate: An expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. confounding the distortion of the association between an exposure and a health outcome by a third variable that is related to both. definitions. immunity, herd the resistance to an infectious agent of an entire group or community (and, in particular, protection of susceptible persons) as a result of a substantial proportion of the population being immune to the agent. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Cheers! propagated outbreak see outbreak, propagated. (-0001). exposure having come into contact with a cause of, or possessing a characteristic that is a determinant of, a particular health problem. attributable proportion see proportion, attributable. The rate of utilization of energy. phrases. Synonym: Noninflammatory Retina Disease. surveillance, sentinel a surveillance system that uses a prearranged sample of sources (e.g., physicians, hospitals, or clinics) who have agreed to report all cases of one or more notifiable diseases. rates of infection. study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. cluster an aggregation of cases of a disease, injury, or other health condition (particularly cancer and birth defects) in a circumscribed area during a particular period without regard to whether the number of cases is more than expected (often the expected number is not known).