In a 1926 address to the Old Trail Drivers Association, he shamed the Alamo City for mistreating the Alamo. An example of this type of exchange is an article which appeared in theNew York Sunon April 12, 1836. 120 4 (April 2017), 413439. Information supplied by Briscoe to theLouisiana Advertiser, published on March 28, 1836, said, Colonels James Bowie and Crockett were among the slain; the first murdered in his bed in which he had been confined by sickness. Shouting, "Remember the Alamo!" Which battles came before the Texans defeat at the Alamo? Moses Austin Bryan, the empresario's nephew, saw Wharton draw his sword, but the soldier cocked his rifle, and Wharton, "very discreetly (I always thought), turned on his horse and left.". F. Gray, 136141. ; Austin: Presidial Press, 1973), 5:11512. During the battle 189 Texans were killed. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Jenkins only mentions Gays address but the full text can be found in Streeter, Texas Broadside, #134. How many people died at the Alamo Mexicans-Texans? Bodies piled up in the water. o@qiLbn45.7xDL=HAsPW6'A:b#c@@a[|5~uR|P{,f`A}_Q|~^ lE `$(ywCKR`,YonJTaV]w#bP >3V:{b|,G2nnj4BA(Cu6V4z.#cbnJ6JeXiv,"'K{|3*agXNpJ(PYJU]1r$+w/j\(MVPiv@P}z`G%DwLh:|~V&. The general accounts of the battle that appeared during the 1830s and 1840s relied heavily on information that emerged in the days and weeks after March 6, 1836. [11]On March 20, 1836, Gray, who was still traveling with government, recorded in his journal that Travis slave, Joe, had arrived and had been interviewed by the cabinet. Within 200 yards of the Mexican camp, the Texans began to fire. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. This included James Bowie, William Travis and Davy Crockett. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. And then, in a thin line 1,000 yards across, they began to stride through the tall grass, hidden from Mexican view by trees and a rising swale of ground. Early the next day, a Texan detail in search of additional prisoners discovered him hiding in tall grass. There was a problem getting your location. If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. Nequate omnihilitate netur asimpor iaspelestin pliquibusda sametur reped moluptatem erit. This assertion contradicts Santa Annas own communications with Gen. Jos de Urrea, in which he made clear that Americans in arms against Mexico should be treated as pirates, as should Mexicans who joined with them. [6]On March 15, Houston further informed Collinsworth that the lady of Lieutenant Dickinson, who fell at the Alamo, had arrived, and confirms the fall of that place, and the circumstances, pretty much as my express detailed them. Angelina Dickinson did not arrive alone: She returned in company with two negroes one the servant of Colonel Travis, the other a servant of Colonel Almonte. [6]Jenkins, ed.,PTR, Sam Houston to James Collinsworth, Headquarters, Gonzales, March 13, 1836, 5:6971; Sam Houston to Henry Raguet, Gonzales, March 13, 1836, 5:72. [11]Gray,Diary of Col. Wm. How many Texans died at the Battle of the Alamo? Sage-Answer The cannon was disabled and buried by the Mexican Army after the battle. based on information from your browser. Jenkins mentioned the letters existence but did not provide a copy of it. San Antonio, He praised his troops actions in winning this hard-fought victory and said the nation owed them its gratitude. The revolt suffered reverses during the winter, but on April 21, 1836, Houston and a force of roughly 900 Texans surprised and defeated some 1,200 to 1,300 Mexicans under Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. (AP Photo/Little John's Auction Service, via The Houston Chronicle), An actor portraying General Sam Houston rides with his Texas troops during a reenactment of the Battle of San Jacinto, Saturday, April 21, 2001 in Houston. Popular culture. However, Houston informed Collinsworth that Santa Anna had sent [the address] by a negro to the citizens.. However, numerous other members of the garrison did escape death. Houston had three horses shot out from under him and had his left ankle shattered by a musket ball. 188 memorials Page of 10 Juan Abamillo unknown 6 Mar 1836 The Alamo San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, USA Robert Allen unknown 6 Mar 1836 The Alamo San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, USA Mills DeForrest Andross 1804 6 Mar 1836 The Alamo San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, USA shrutiagrawal1798 The Alamo siege has resulted in the death of approximately 200 southern volunteers. Is ut quiandaerum fugias mo cullignis modio. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. WebThey were among seven Tejanos who died defending the Alamo on March 6,1836. It is estimated that approximately 250 Texans died at the Battle of the Alamo. Most Alamo historians place the number of Mexican casualties at 400600. [2] [3] [4] This would represent about one-third of the Mexican soldiers involved in the final assault, which Todish remarks is "a tremendous casualty rate by any standards". [2] Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Alamo "Pleasantly teased by their hits of opium," historian Long writes, "the Anglo-Saxon chieftain and the Hispanic caudillo set up the continental chessboard in positions that would still be playing out a century and a half later.". Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Ana Salazar de Esparza, wife of Gregorio, had with her their three sons, including Enrique, who grew up to provide substantial interviews on the battle in his old age, and their stepdaughter Mara de Jess Castro Salazar. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Alamo It does not store any personal data. WebMany know the famous names of James Bowie, William B. Travis, and David Crockett as men who died defending the Alamo, but there were about 200 others there during the Battle. Coincidently, General Sam Houston and his staff had just arrived in town fresh from the Convention at Washington on the Brazos River. John Wharton tried to obey, only to hear one of his men respond, "Colonel Wharton, if Jesus Christ were to come down from heaven and order me to quit shooting Santanistas, I wouldn't do it, sir!" how many Texans By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. [12]Gray,Diary of Col. Wm. Were the Texans outnumbered in the Alamo? He was unable to reach the fort and remained in town through the final assault. Battle of San Jacinto: April 1836 From March to May, Mexican forces once again occupied the Alamo. Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. WebOn the morning of March 6, 1836, General Santa Anna recaptured the Alamo, ending the 13-day siege. His letter is important because it is one of the earliest known examples of news of the Alamos fall being forwarded to the United States. Interesting Facts About the Battle of the Alamo Between 400 and 600 Mexican soldiers were killed in the battle. When Santa Anna arrived, Francisco had been ordered along with other members of the presidio company to hold himself in reserve. List of Texian survivors of the Battle of the Alamo - Wikipedia Mexican forces were victorious in recapturing the fort, and nearly all of the roughly 200 Texan defendersincluding frontiersman Davy Crockettdied. Pictured is one of Texas artist Charles Shaw's 35 paintings depicting scenes from throughout the Texas Revolution, as well as the Battle of San Jacinto. This dagger is said to have belonged to a Mexican soldier and was found on the battlefield at San Jacinto by the man in the picture named J. Stevens. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Two other Alamo Tejanos were involved in outside assignments that prevented their participation in the defense. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. ", lleGeni cone excea cus, atur? The following is, as near as I can recollect, the substance of it. The main details of Joes account told to the Cabinet can be summed up as follows: (1) Joe and Travis were in their shared quarters when the dawn attack began; (2) as master and slave raced together to the north wall, Travis shouted, Come on boys, the Mexicans are upon us, and well give themHell; (3) after the two exchanged several shots over the wall, a musket ball struck Travis in the forehead; (4) although mortally wounded, Travis killed General Mora with his sword before dying; (5) with Travis dead, Joe retreated to his quarters; (6) only one man Warner asked for quarter; (7) Bowie fired from his sick bed before being killed; (8) Crockett and his companions were found surrounded by twenty-four dead Mexican soldiers; (9) as the fighting died down, Mexican officers collected the women and slaves who were inside the Alamo; (10) after the battle Santa Anna entered the fort and vigorously addressed his soldiers like a Methodist preacher; (11) Joe and the other survivors were taken into town and then released; (12) and the bodies of the Texans were burned later that day. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Later that day, he wrote to Colonel James Fannin at Goliad, declaring I have little doubt but that the Alamo has fallen. Houston provided what information he had learned with the caveat that whether or not [the] above particulars are true or not may be questionable. As relayed by Houston, the attack had begun at dawn, the attacking force numbered 2,500 while the defenders numbered 150, seven men who were found alive asked for quarter but were ordered put to death by Santa Anna, and the defenders bodies were collected and burned. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. This Bowie knife, part of a collection of items belonging to Texas revolutionist Jesse Robinson, who fought under James Bowie at the Battle of Concepcion and the Siege of Bexar, and under Gen. Sam Houston at San Jacinto. Tennesseans Who Died at the Alamo | Historic Union County Concepcin Losoya, defender Jos Toribio Losoyas mother, was accompanied into the Alamo by her daughter Juana Losoya Melton, who had married defender Eliel Melton, and son Juan. Please reset your password. He was at the Alamo when Santa Anna's army arrived, but he was sent out as a courier. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/tejanos-and-the-siege-and-battle-of-the-alamo. How many Texans died at the Alamo Legacy of the Alamo From March to May, Mexican Alamo San Jacinto: 18-minute battle that changed Texas forever, Timeline: How battle between Houston ISD, TEA has reached the point of a looming takeover. 188 cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Its rattlesnake season in Texas. Alamo Although her relationship to the Esparzas is not entirely clear, Petra Gonzales was also part of the Esparza party. 5 Who disabled the 16 lb Alamo cannon and who found it? Santa Annas Mexican army killed virtually all of the roughly 200 Texans (or Texians) defending the Alamo, including their Which colour is the best colour in iPhone? How long should you meditate as a Buddhist? As the line of men surged across the plain, three scraggly fifers played the only tune all three knew, a risque barroom ballad called "Will You Come to the Bower?" How many Texans are believed to have died at the Alamo? News gathering in the past was less immediate and much slower. The Texans were vastly outnumbered: estimates have their numbers at roughly 200 men, while the Mexican army had anywhere from 1,800 to 6,000 soldiers. Thanks for your help! Most accounts date from the end of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century and were provided by individuals of a very advanced age. But as the smoke cleared after the bloody battle, around 15 survivors of the battle on the Texan side remained. How many Texans are believed to have died at the Alamo? Waking from an opiated nap, Houston raised up on one elbow and greeted Santa Anna courteously. According to Juan Almonte, one of Antonio Lpez de Santa Annas officers, there indeed was a Mexican soldier prisoner who survived the final assault. Antonio Menchaca may also have taken advantage of the cease-fire, but he declared in his memoirs forty years later that at the start of the siege Bowie and Segun encouraged him to take his family and leave, as he was a marked man. Dr. R. Bruce Winders, Former Alamo Director of History and Curator. They both corroborate the statement first made and forwarded to you.[7], News continued to spread eastward. Tejanos and the Siege and Battle of the Alamo, Dolsons accounts, which he said were based on the eyewitness report of Colonel Juan Almonte, bolstered the case for Santa Annas continued captivity if not death for his crimes. How many battles did the Texans win in the Texas Revolution? You need a Find a Grave account to continue. It is estimated that approximately 250 Texans died at the Battle of the Alamo. Tejanos, of course, made up San Antonios leadership and were present during the siege and fall. 1 How many Texans died in the Battle of the Alamo? [2]Other Mexican officers recorded their feeling about the days events in their journals, which initially remained private. Survivors who had been sent back to their homes told relatives and neighbors about their experiences. Tennesseans Who Died at the Alamo and the Union County Connection to the Bloody Event According to a 1967 writing by Louise Davis of the Daughters of the Republic An even more detailed version of the execution scenario appeared two months later. You can always change this later in your Account settings. [8]Upon learning of the Alamos fall, another delegate, Benjamin Briggs Goodrich, wrote to his family that his brother, John C. Goodrich, had been murdered in the Texas fortress of San Antonio de Bexar. His letter contains many of the details first conveyed by Houston, including the story that Travis had stabbed himself. Estimates on the number of Texans killed vary from 182 to [3], Word of the battle reached the outside five days later on March 11, when two ranchers, Anselmo Bergara and Andrew Bargana, arrived at Gonzales. Santa Annas Mexican army killed virtually all of the roughly 200 Texans (or Texians) defending the Alamo, including their leaders, Colonels William B. Travis and Their two cannons, loaded with chopped horseshoes, slammed into barely awake Mexican soldiers. It is estimated that approximately 250 Texans died at the Battle of the Alamo. The Nock gun was brought to modern attention in the 1960 film The Alamo in which one is used by actor Richard Widmark, playing Jim Bowie. We'll send you a couple of emails per month, filled with fascinating history facts that you can share with your friends. How many Texans survived the Battle of the Alamo? The story of the Alamo conformed to this old pattern of gathering and disseminating news. The general promised them his protection before presenting his prisoners to Santa Anna. We live in an age when news stories unfold on our televisions as they occur. According to Houston's estimate, the battle was over in 18 minutes, although the killing continued until after dark. the Texas Army won the battle at San Jacinto in 18 minutes and secured Texas independence from Mexico. Of the Texians who fought during the battle, only two survived: Traviss slave, Joe, was assumed by the Mexican soldiers to be a noncombatant, and Brigido Guerrero, who had deserted from the Mexican Army several months before, convinced the Mexican soldiers that he had been taken prisoner by the Texians. mTNA6YTM#b8Z^0JPu>Pe8Do;- ?U?|]8=})bMh[;il/F The impending takeover of HISD by the TEA dates back to 2019, when Wheatley High School triggered a state law by failing to meet accountability standards for seven consecutive years. On April 21, 1836, Sam Houston led a weary and angry group of soldiers and Texas patriots to a great military victory. As for the Alamos other notables, it reported Cols. Of the official list of 189 Texan defenders, all were killed. Across the county, Little RocksArkansas Gazettepublished a similar account on the same day. Who ordered no prisoners taken from the Alamo? He was a Pulitzer Prize finalist in 2017 for a series of editorials on gun control and the Texas gun culture and a Pulitzer Prize winner in 2022, as part of the Houston Chronicle editorial team that produced a series of editorials on Donald Trump's "Big Lie." On April 21, 1836, Sam Houston, commander of the Texas Army, led 800 troops in a surprise attack on Santa Anna's 1,600 men. Historians believe that approximately 600 Mexican soldiers died at the battle, bringing the This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Additionally, San Antonio resident Pablo Daz, who would have been twenty years old at the time of the battle, claimed in a 1906 newspaper interview that he saw the body of one other Tejano defender, a man he identified simply as Cervantes. Gray also included a list the men believed killed at the Alamo at the end of Joes account. Years later, it was discovered by the Maverick Family and later given to the Alamo. This event is so significant in my mind that I always try to devote a column that honors the heroism of these men on or around the anniversary of the occasion. https://www.tshaonline.org, https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/tejanos-and-the-siege-and-battle-of-the-alamo. [13]More Particulars of the Fall of the Alamo,Telegraph & Texas Register. At least one scholar also includes Guadalupe Rodrguez among the Alamo fallen on the basis of his apparent entry into the fort with Seguns group, but Rodrguezs name did not appear on any muster rolls or other documentation following the battle. WebAt the Battle of the Alamo, between 182 and 257 Texians died. WebList of all those men who died defending the Alamo in 1836. Every dollar helps. So, too, was Brgido Guerrero, the Mexican army deserter who had joined Bowies party. Another Arocha, Jos Mara, departed later, during a supposed three-day amnesty. Also, according to Ambrosio Rodrguez, a relative of his, Capt. This browser does not support getting your location. Is there Delhi quota in Lady Hardinge Medical College? Jim Bowie is said to have been the last Texan alive at the Alamo. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". 200 Some 600 Mexican soldiers died in the battle, compared to roughly 200 rebellious Texans. The secret treaty gave Santa Anna freedom immediately, in exchange for his influence in securing the agreement of the rest of the Mexican government to recognize an independent Texas, with the Rio Grande and not the Nueces River as its boundary. Also present were sisters Juana Navarro Alsbury and Gertrudis Navarro, daughters of the Department of Bxars political chief, Jos Angel Navarro. The Mexicans fought desperately until daylight, when seven only of the garrison were found alive. The public receives news almost instantly. Last entry is 15 minutes prior to closing. F. Gray, (Houston: Gray, Dillaye & Co., Printers, 1909; Houston: Fletcher Young Publishing Cp., 1965), 131. Early Reports [18]Jenkins, ed.,PTR, Santa Anna to the Texans, Velasco, June 1, 1836, 6:487; Menucan Hunt to President and Cabinet, Velasco, June 3, 1836, 6:512 Santa Anna to Burnet, Velasco, June 3, 1836, 7:20; Thomas Rusk to Mirabeau B. Lamar, La Baha, June 3, 1836, 7:2324. [17]In 1836, though, the public clamor for authorities to hold Santa Anna accountable increased following the publication of these accounts of Crocketts supposed execution.[18]. Juan N. Segun, the senior Tejano military officer, entered the Alamo with the other defenders on February 23. He and his officers ordered them to take prisoners, again to no avail. Thomas Ricks Lindley, Alamo Traces: New Evidence and New Conclusions (Lanham, Maryland: Republic of Texas Press, 2003). Members of the committee of public safety issued a circular addressed To the People of Texas that conveyed the news from Thomas Gay that he had just received information by Col. William T. Austin of the fall of the Alamo, and massacre of our countrymen in that garrison. As further confirmation, Gay wrote John Seguin gives the same information. The committee hoped the news would stir their fellow citizens into action.[10]. The Alamo is the property of the State of Texas, and How many Texans died in the Alamo? - Answers In the absence of extant battle muster rolls and casualty lists, historians have had to rely on a wide variety of sources to arrive at some idea of a total number of defenders. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The siege and battle of the Alamo involved a considerable number of Mexican Texans, or Tejanos, as defenders, couriers, and noncombatants. Enrique Esparza mentioned Guerrero by name as having hidden behind Ana Esparza (Enriques mother) before making his case and being spared. Who was the last Texan alive at the Alamo? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Heres what you need to know. Though Seguns 1858 list of his company in the fall 1835 siege of Bxar campaign did include the name Agapito Cervantes, the Daz claim has not been substantiated. In fact, the vast majority Historians believe that These men, who opposed Santa Annas return, took matters into their own hands and refused to allow the ship to sail, setting off a chain of events that delayed his return to Mexico until January 1837. Even though Santa Anna correctly exclaimed that few of the rebels survived to tell their associates the tidings of their disaster, news of such a dramatic event was bound to spread. According to him, he survived the battle by hiding and waiting to be discovered, at which time he claimed to have been a prisoner of the Texians. Search above to list available cemeteries. Timothy Matovina and Jess F. de la Teja, eds., Recollections of a Tejano Life: Antonio Menchaca in Texas History (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2013). A flag featuring a bare-breasted Liberty led them into battle, its flagstaff topped with the dainty white glove of a Kentucky lieutenant's sweetheart. 6 How many battles did the Texans win in the Texas Revolution? This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. The war The painting by William H. Huddle, "The Surrender of Santa Anna," depicting the morning of April 27, 1836, is shown Thursday, April 18, 2002, in Austin, Texas. [5]Jenkins, ed.,PTR, Sam Houston to Phillip Dimmit, Head Quarters (Gonzales), March 12, 1836, 5:5758. Though the battle was quickly over, the slaughter went on for hours. Without national news gathering organizations, newspaper editors relied on information gleaned from other publications in a journalistic version of the popular parlor game gossip. In this fashion, news of the Alamos fall reached the American public. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. That interest continues with the search for answers to what happened at the Alamo still going on today. Alexa, How many texans died in the battle of the alamo? | Alexa This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 200 According to Segun, Alexandro de la Garza was also sent from the Alamo, although the date is unknown. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Some controversy and debate has surrounded the exact number and their identity, but most were wives, children, servants and slaves whom the Alamos defenders had brought with them into the mission for safety after Santa Annas troops occupied San Antonio. Santa Annas Mexican army killed virtually all of the roughly 200 Texans (or Texians) defending the Alamo, including their leaders, Colonels William B. Travis and James Bowie, and the legendary frontiersman Davy Crockett. Timothy M. Matovina, The Alamo Remembered: Tejano Accounts and Perspectives (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995). However, Nicols Flores, had assumed the office in January 1836 and had replaced Navarro, whose one-year interim appointment had expired. How many Texans died in the Battle of the Alamo? Ut lignisque sincien dicipsunt que nit volupta temporitaqui tem fuga. Along with Espalier and Esparza, the other Tejano defenders recognized as having died in the final assault include Juan Abamillo, Juan Antonio Badillo, Antonio Fuentes, Jos Toribio Losoya, Andrs Nava, and Damacio Jimnez (Ximenes), whose death in the final assault was only discovered in 1986. It is estimated that 1,500 Mexicans died during the fighting. The problem is a particularly difficult one in the case of Tejanos, whose presence was even dismissed in some sources, as for instance William Barret Traviss letter of March 3 to the president of the Convention of 1836, in which Travis stated that the citizens of San Antonio were all enemies, except for the ones who entered the Alamo with the Texians, and that there were only three Mexicans in the fort with him. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 3 How many Texans died in the Texas Revolution? Houston attacked during the Mexican Army's siesta. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Among the enemy slain were Bowie, Travis, and Crockett. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Later that afternoon, copies of Houstons letters dated March 11 and March 13 also arrived bringing the sad intelligence. Gray noted that delegates Jos Francisco Ruiz and Jos Antonio Navarro also received a letter from Gonzalez written by Juan Segun that contained the same news. The slaughter went on for hours. Francisco Esparza, Gregorios brother, testified in 1859 that he had been part of San Antonios presidio company in the fall of 1835 but had been allowed to remain in San Antonio after Gen. Martn Perfecto de Coss surrender. Perhaps the most controversial survivor was Andrea Castaon Villanueva, commonly referred to as Madame Candalaria. Juan Segun was not the only Tejano courier from the Alamo. Nevertheless, the towns population did suffer want and privation during the Mexican armys stay, and their material losses in buildings and gardens destroyed and damaged left many Tejanos who stayed as much victims of the war as those Texians who fled the fighting during the Runaway Scrape. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The siege and the final assault on the Alamo in 1836 constitute the most celebrated military engagement in Texas history. [14]Soon readers in the country were presented two versions of Crocketts death from which to choose: Crockett died fighting like a tiger or Crockett survived the battle only to be murdered by the express order of Santa Anna. The attraction will have a preview opening April 14 and a public opening April 29, 2016. Bowie, however, pulled his new knife and plunged it into the heart of one of the men, instantly killing him. Two details he forwarded to Fannin one that William B. Travis had committed suicide himself rather than surrender and another that Almeron Dickinson had jumped with his young son to their death from the walls of the church proved false. Stephen L. Hardin, Texian Iliad: A Military History of the Texas Revolution, 18351836 (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994). This Monday, March 6, marks the anniversary of the fall of the Alamo outside of San Antonio, Texas, back in 1836. The gun used in the film is now in the National Firearms Museum. The battle was conspicuous for the large number of illustrious personalities among its combatants. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. How many people died at the Alamo Mexicans-Texans? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc.